![]() Due to conflict over which committee the bill was to be referred to, as well as the focus the Senate had on the legislative budget at the time, the bill was not able to be introduced in the Senate sooner. ![]() Senator Chan Gurney (R- SD) introduced the bill to the Senate as S. 2319 to the House of Representatives on Februit was then referred to the Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments. Hoffman ( R- MI) introduced the bill as H.R. Truman sent a bill proposal to Congress detailing the creation of a "National Defense Establishment". He stated in a letter to Congress on June 15, 1946, that he "consider it vital that we have a unified force for our national defense." President Truman had worked closely with the Army and the Navy to establish a consensus, but the departments struggled to come to an agreement until 1947. In the years following the war, President Truman had been pushing for the unification of the armed services until the passing of the National Security Act of 1947, having research conducted on the topic since 1944 and having expressed his desire for Congress to act on the issue as early as April 6, 1946. Military problems apparent during World War II that turned attention to the need for unification were a lack of preparedness, a lack of attention to " logistics in war," and a "lack of coordination among the services." Truman, who was a senator at the time, wrote that "under such a set-up another Pearl Harbor will not have to be feared" in his article "Our Armed Forces Must Be United". Roosevelt, but "he was routinely rebuffed on the grounds that a substantive discussion of this option while the country was at war might undermine the war effort." On August 26, 1944, future president Harry S. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, Congress passed the First War Powers Act, which authorized the sitting president "to make such redistribution of functions among executive agencies as he may deem necessary" provided that it is "only in matters relating to the conduct of the present war" and that these authorities will expire "six months after the termination of the war." ĭuring World War II, then- chief of staff of the Army George Marshall brought the idea of unification of the armed services to President Franklin D. During this time, the President had a level of authority over the departments. Background īefore World War II, congressional committees oversaw the Cabinet-level War Department and Navy Department, and while each department was separate from the other, both were able to obtain aircraft. The National Security Act of 1947 was signed into law by President Truman on July 26, 1947, while aboard his VC-54C presidential aircraft Sacred Cow. ![]() The bill received bipartisan support and was passed in both chambers by voice vote. The Senate agreed to a related House resolution (80 H.Con.Res. The bill passed in the Senate on July 9, 1947, and in the House on July 19, 1947. Senator Gurney, as chairman of the Senate Committee on Armed Services, led committee hearings for the bill from mid-March to early May. Senator Chan Gurney was the bill's sponsor. House of Representatives on February 28, 1947, and in the Senate on March 3, 1947. President Truman proposed the legislation to Congress on February 26, 1947. The legislation was a result of efforts by Harry S. Aside from the unification of the three military departments, the act established the National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency, the latter of which is headed by the Director of Central Intelligence. It also protected the Marine Corps as an independent service under the Department of the Navy. The act also created the position of the secretary of defense as the head of the NME It established the United States Air Force under the DAF, which worked to separate the Army Air Forces into its own service. The act merged the Department of the Army (renamed from the Department of War), the Department of the Navy, and the newly established Department of the Air Force (DAF) into the National Military Establishment (NME). The majority of the provisions of the act took effect on September 18, 1947, the day after the Senate confirmed James Forrestal as the first secretary of defense. 495, enacted July 26, 1947) was a law enacting major restructuring of the United States government's military and intelligence agencies following World War II. The National Security Act of 1947 ( Pub.L. ![]()
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